Creaking infrastructure là gì

The main driver of the downgrade "is Moody's lowered assessment of institutional strength to 'moderate' from 'high,' an important factor in the rating agency's judgment of a sovereign's economic resiliency," it said in a statement.

The rating agency also cited concerns around the negative investment climate - from creaking infrastructure to worries about So uth Africa's f uture p olitical stability.

In addition, South Africa - part of the so-called BRICS group of major emerging markets that includes Brazil, Russia, India and China - has "shr inking headroom for counter-cyclical policy actions," the statement added.

South African policymakers have acknowledged limited policy options.

Reserve Bank Governor Gill Marcus said earlier this year the country i s feeling the effects of the global downturn but is constrained in p o licy options. [I D:nL6E8IVPGT]

The outlook remains negative because of uncertainty around "critical policy decisions" in upcoming months, Moody's added.

South Africa's economic growth is likely to moderate in 2012 due to weak external conditions and global uncertainty, the International Monetary Fund said la st month, adding th at mon etary policy should remain accommodative, g i ven limited fiscal space. [ID :nL6E8JNGOB]

Standard & Poor's and Fitch both rate South Africa BBB-plus , with a negative outlook.

WordReference Random House Learner's Dictionary of American English © 2022

creak /krik/USA pronunciation   v. 

1. to [cause to] make a sharp, scraping, or squeaking sound: [no object]The rusty old gate creaked.[~ + object]He creaked the door when he opened it.
2. to move slowly with or as if with such a sound:[no object]The broken-down car creaked along slowly.

1. a creaking sound:I heard a few creaks from the old floorboards.

creak  [krēk],USA pronunciation v.i. 

1. to make a sharp, harsh, grating, or squeaking sound.
2. to move with creaking.

• Middle English creken to croak, apparently back formation from Old English crǣcettan, variant of crācettan to croak 1275–1325

Collins Concise English Dictionary © HarperCollins Publishers::

creak /kriːk/ vb

1. to make or cause to make a harsh squeaking sound
2. [intransitive] to make such sounds while moving: the old car creaked along

ˈcreaky adj ˈcreakily adv ˈcreakiness n ˈcreakingly adv

creaking door

creaking noise

creaking sound

creaking stairs

creaking wood

creaking floorboard

Photo by Brooke Cagle

“Be laughing out of the other side of one’s mouth” = cười ở phía bên kia cái miệng -> nghĩa là mếu máo cười vì thật ra chuyện đó không đáng cười; dù hiện tại vui vẻ, thành công nhưng sau này rắc rối cũng có thể xảy ra với mình.

Ví dụ

This would be a little disconcerting [làm rối, đảo lộn] to witness. The phrase comes from a person making money in a way that others doubted would succeed. This made me think of the inventor of Chia Pets. She'll be laughing out of the other side of her mouth. This means that she'll humbly learn her view was wrong. I can't be sure which is the humble side of the mouth. This report card is no laughing matter.

That is a fresh debate in the ongoing "Paul Henry: Racist or Victim?" series in New Zealand, India and across the Internet. Paul Henry, for those who came in late, is the New Zealand anchor who infamously giggled on TV about Delhi Chief Minister Shiela Dikshit's name and then had to laugh out of the other side of his mouth when he lost his job. [Read: New Zealand TV anchor quits amid uproar [ồn ào, náo động] over Sheila remark]

In keeping with Fate’s perverse nature, the boot is now firmly on the other foot. Thanks to untrammelled [không bị ngăn trở, hạn chế] property development, chaotic state of the city’s creaking infrastructure [cơ sở hạ tầng kêu cọt kẹt] and general apathy [thờ ơ, ảm đạm] of the ministerial powers that be, Bangalore’s roads are in a parlous [bấp bênh, nguy hiểm] state. To add insult to injury, on a recent visit to Calcutta, I found the roads there eminently motorable, and driving through the old city’s streets posed no immediate threat to my spinal column. My pals could barely hide their sly grins at my having ‘deserted’ the City of Joy, and I was laughing out of the other side of my mouth.

Ka Tina

Bài trước: “Be just before you're generous” nghĩa là gì?