Which is the first step in developing a new information system
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A) Analysis. The correct answer for the given question is Option C) Problem/Opportunity Identification. The
first step of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is Problem/Opportunity Identification. System development life cycle (SDLC) is a seven-phase process used by systems engineers and developers to plan, develop, test and launch information systems. Implementing this process effectively can help you develop timely, cost-effective information systems. The system development life cycle can be compared to an assembly line, where each step must
be completed before continuing to the next. Using this method, users are able to build high-quality systems that meet client expectations, meet deadlines and satisfy all customer requirements. Following the SDLC method from start to finish will allow you to deploy a fully-operational, high-quality system within the specified time and budget constraints that exceeds client expectations. As part of the first phase of the systems development life cycle, the
analyst is concerned with identifying problems, opportunities, and objectives. The success of this phase determines the success of the rest of the project, as no one wants to waste time or money addressing the wrong issue.Some of the things that are taken into consideration in this phase include: Product Development Process | 7 stages of New Product Development
Process
Systems development refers to all the activities that go into producing an information systems solution to an organizational problem or opportunity. Systems development is a structured kind of problem solving with distinct activities consisting of: Nội dung chính
Figure 13-3
Systems analysis involves defining the problem, identifying its causes, specifying the solution, and identifying the information requirements that must be met by a system solution. System analysis also involves a feasibility study used to determine whether the proposed solution is achievable, from a financial, technical, and organizational standpoint, given the organization's resources and constraints. One of the most challenging task of the systems analyst is to define the specific information requirements that must be met by the system solution selected. Information requirements of a new system involve identifying who needs what information, where, when, and how. The systems design is the overall plan or model that shows how the system will meet its information requirements. Like a blueprint of a building or house, a system design consists of all the specifications that give the system its form and structure. The system designer details the systems specifications that should address all of the managerial, organizational, and technical components of the system solution. User information requirements drive the entire system building effort, so information system design often demands a very high level of end-user participation. During the programming stage, system specifications that were prepared during the design stage are translated into software program code. Thorough testing must be conducted to confirm that the system produces the right results. Testing an information system involves three types of activities:
To ensure that all aspects of testing are as comprehensive as possible, the development team works with users to devise a systematic test plan. Figure 13-4
Conversion is the process of changing from the old system to the new one. There are four main conversion strategies:
Moving from an old system to a new one requires that end users be trained to use the new system. Detailed documentation showing how the system works from both a technical and end-user standpoint is finalized during conversion time for use in training and everyday operations. The production stage is in effect after the system is installed and conversion is complete. The system is reviewed to determine if it meets the original objectives. In some instances, a formal postimplementation audit document is prepared. Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or procedures to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiency are termed maintenance. Structured methodologies and object-oriented development are the most prominent methodologies for modeling and designing systems. Structured methodologies have been used since the 1970s to document, analyze, and design information systems. Structured development methods are process-oriented, focusing primarily on modeling the processes, or actions that capture, store, manipulate, and distribute data as the data flow through a system. These methods separate data from processes. A separate programming procedure must be written every time someone wants to take an action on a particular piece of data. Tools used in structured development include:
Figure 13-5, Figure 13-6
Object-oriented development uses the object as the basic unit of systems analysis and design. An object combines data and the specific processes that operate on those data. Data encapsulated in an object can be accessed and modified only by the operations, or methods, associated with that object. Instead of passing data to procedures, programs send a message for an object to perform an operation that is already embedded in it. The system is modeled as a collection of objects and the relationships among them. Object-oriented modeling is based on the concepts of class and inheritance. Objects belonging to a certain class, or general categories of similar objects, have the features of that class. Classes of objects in turn can inherit all the structure and behaviors of a more general class and then add variables and behaviors unique to each object. Figure 13-7
The phases of object-oriented development are similar to those of conventional systems development, consisting of analysis, design, and implementation. However, object-oriented development is more iterative and incremental than traditional structured development. In object-oriented development, a system is implemented by translating the design into program code, reusing classes that are already available in a library of reusable software objects and adding new ones created during the object-oriented design phase. Implementation may also involve the creation of an object-oriented database. Because objects are reusable, object-oriented development could potentially reduce the time and cost of writing software because organizations can reuse software objects that have already been created as building blocks for other applications. Computer-aided software engineering (CASE), sometimes called computer aided systems engineering, is the automation of step-by-step methodologies for software and systems development to reduce repetitive work. CASE tools attempt to increase productivity and quality by facilitating the creation and revision of design specifications and program code. CASE tools provide automated facilities for producing charts and diagrams, screen and report generators, data dictionaries, analysis and checking tools, code generators, and document generators. The best CASE tools enforce common methods and standards, improve communication between users and technical specialists, organize and correlate design elements, automate tedious and error-prone portions of analysis and design, and automate code generation, testing, and control rollout. Which is the first step in developing a new information system?Gathering information requirements is the first step in developing a new information system. What is implementation quizlet?implementation. The act of converting planning,goals, and objectives into action through administrative structure, management activities, policies, procedures, regulations, and organizational actions of new programs. Which of the following is the first step in problem solving process?Step 1: Define the Problem. Which of the following are the components of the information systems development?An information system is essentially made up of five components hardware, software, database, network and people. These five components integrate to perform input, process, output, feedback and control. Hardware consists of input/output device, processor, operating system and media devices. What is the first step in developing a system?1. Planning. This is the first phase in the systems development process. It identifies whether or not there is the need for a new system to achieve a business"s strategic objectives.
What are the steps involved in developing an information system?An information system development consists of six important stages, it is system survey, needs analysis, design, implementation, testing, change and maintenance.
What is the first step in implementing a new information technology?1. Plan. It goes without saying that planning is the first and most important step to implementing new technology. If you get your planning wrong, you can expect everything that follows to go wrong, too.
What is the most important step in developing a new information system quizlet?Which phase in the systems development life cycle is the most important? The planning phase is the most important because it is the first step.
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